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| 1975 |
| | | Portuguese East Africa becomes independent as Mozambique, with Frelimo as the only political party | |
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| 1975 |
| | | The Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa, become independent as the republic of Cape Verde | |
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| 1975 |
| | | The island of Papua New Guinea wins independence from Australia | |
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| 1975 |
| | | Surinam wins independence from the Dutch, with Johan Ferrier as the first president | |
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| 1977 |
| | | The French Territory of Afars and Issas becomes independent as Djibouti, with Hassan Gouled Aptidon as president | |
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| 1980 |
| | | The USA ends all aid to Nicaragua and provides funds to train and equip the Contras in neighbouring Honduras | |
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| 1980 |
| | | Rhodesia becomes independent, taking the name Zimbabwe, with Robert Mugabe as prime minister | |
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| 1983 |
| | | President Reagan sends US marines to Grenada after the execution of the island's prime minister, Maurice Bishop | |
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| 1984 |
| | | The CIA covertly arranges for mines to be laid in Nicaragua's harbours | |
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| 1989 |
| | | President Bush sends 24,000 US troops to occupy Panama City and seize Manuel Noriega | |
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